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Rao, K. H.
- Comparing the Spatio-Temporal Variability of Remotely Sensed Oceanographic Parameters between the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal throughout a Decade
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Authors
Sourav Das
1,
Abhra Chanda
1,
Suparna Dey
1,
Sanjibani Banerjee
1,
Anirban Mukhopadhyay
1,
Anirban Akhand
1,
Amit Ghosh
1,
Subhajit Ghosh
1,
Sugata Hazra
1,
D. Mitra
2,
Aneesh A. Lotliker
3,
K. H. Rao
4,
S. B. Choudhury
4,
V. K. Dadhwal
4
Affiliations
1 School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, IN
2 Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, 4, Kalidas Road, Dehradun 248 001, IN
3 Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 090, IN
4 National Remote Sensing Centre, Balanagar, Hyderabad 500 042, IN
1 School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, IN
2 Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, 4, Kalidas Road, Dehradun 248 001, IN
3 Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 090, IN
4 National Remote Sensing Centre, Balanagar, Hyderabad 500 042, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 627-639Abstract
The spatio-temporal variability of sea-surface temperature (SST), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) was evaluated in the Arabian Sea (ABS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB), from July 2002 to November 2014 by means of remotely sensed monthly composite Aqua MODIS level-3 data having a spatial resolution of 4.63 km. Throughout the time period under consideration, the surface waters of ABS (27.76±1.12°C) were slightly cooler than BoB (28.93±0.76°C); this was observed during all the seasons. On the contrary, the availability of PAR was higher in ABS (45.76±3.41 mol m-2 d-1) compared to BoB (41.75±3.75 mol m-2 d-1), and its spatial dynamics in the two basins was mainly regulated by cloud cover and turbidity of the water column. The magnitude and variability of Chl-a concentration were substantially higher in ABS (0.487±0.984 mg m-3), compared to BoB (0.187±0.243 mg m-3), and spatially higher values were observed near the coastal waters. Both POC and PIC exhibited higher magnitudes in ABS compared to BoB; however, the difference was substantially high in case of POC. None of the parameters showed any significant temporal trend during the 12-year span, except PIC, which exhibited a significant decreasing trend in ABS.Keywords
Marine Ecosystems, Oceanographic Parameters, Remote Sensing, River Basins, Spatio-Temporal Variability.Full Text
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- Biological Treatment Systems for Fish Processing Wastewater-A Review
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Mumbai Research Centre of Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Vashi, Navi Mumbai-400 703, IN
2 ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, IN
3 ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Matsyapuri P.O., Cochin-682 029, IN
1 Mumbai Research Centre of Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Vashi, Navi Mumbai-400 703, IN
2 ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, IN
3 ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Matsyapuri P.O., Cochin-682 029, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 16, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 447-453Abstract
Processing of fish involves mainly the application of various preservation techniques for retaining a superior quality and enhancing shelf life. It also covers aspects like value-addition to produce a wide variety of products. But during these fish processing operations large quantity of effluents, which contain active microorganisms in various forms are being generated. Depending on the processing operation involved, the level of contamination varies. This high-strength wastewater from fish processing industry is of great concern world-wide and hence recently stringent liquid effluent policies are being adopted. A number of treatment strategies at different levels are applicable for reducing this risk, however biological treatment is one of the best options for fish processing wastewater, rich in organic matter. Biological treatment includes both aerobic and anaerobic processes. Aerobic processes such as activated sludge, lagoons, trickling filter and rotating biological contactor are suitable for organics removal. The anaerobic processes can also remove 80-90% organics and produce biogas. A combination of both anaerobic digestion and aerobic process is regarded as an effective approach to reduce the contaminants in fish processing wastewater.Keywords
Fish Processing Waste, Biological Treatment, Organic Load, Wastewater Treatment.Full Text